The introduction of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a watershed moment in the trajectory of the Indian educational landscape, shifting the focus from passive content absorption to active, experiential, and multidisciplinary learning. For decades, the structural framework of Indian education was heavily reliant on rote memorization, standardized high-stakes testing, and rigid disciplinary silos (Singh, 2024). NEP 2020 seeks to dismantle these traditional paradigms by reimagining pedagogy across all tiers of education—from foundational early childhood care to higher education. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the pedagogical innovations mandated by NEP 2020, evaluating the theoretical underpinnings of these teaching methods, structural reforms in teacher education, higher education transformations, inclusion frameworks, foundational literacy missions, vocational integration, and the systemic adjustments required to build a future-ready knowledge economy.