Trusts of the Temple in India are important for the management of places of worship and for the collection of large amounts of money through offerings, pilgrimage, and related economic activities. Although such trusts are of increasing economic and social importance, concerns such as governance, accountability, and regulation remain under- examined while attracting little scholarly attention. This paper addresses the concerns of governance, accountability, and transparency of the policies and institutions of temple trusts in India. A bibliometric research methodology has been employed to review and synthesize the existing scholarly literature pertaining to temple trusts, religious finance, governance, and religious tourism. The primary data has been collected from the Scopus database, and bibliometric mapping and analysis have been performed using VOSviewer. Thematic analysis, intellectual mapping, and research evolution within the specified field are studied using keyword occurrence and citation analysis. The paper aims to consolidate the various research streams to demonstrate the literature’s varying understandings of the issues of governance and accountability, and to propose areas for further research with potential policy implications. The study enriches the literature by presenting the research gaps, documenting the trends, and facilitating further empirical research and policy advocacy on the governance and financial accountability of temple trusts in India.
- Agrawal, V., & Mehta, S. (2024). Blockchain-based donation tracking systems in Indian religious institutions: A conceptual framework. Journal of Financial Innovation and Ethics, 12(1), 88–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfie.2024.01.008
- Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
- Baxi, U. (2020). State, law and religion in contemporary India: A legal analysis of temple governance. Indian Journal of Constitutional Studies, 8(2), 45–61.
-
- Chatterjee, R., & Mohan, A. (2023). Religious tourism and temple economies: A case study of Kashi Vishwanath corridor. Tourism Development Review, 6(1), 33–49.
-
- Chhibber, M. (2020). Politics of temple management: Patronage and populism in South India. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 43(3), 412–431.
-
- Cordery, C. J., & Sim, D. (2018). Nonprofit accountability to stakeholders: Literature review and future directions. Accounting Forum, 42(1), 15–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accfor.2017.10.001
- Das, A., & Sen, S. (2024). Reforming temple governance in India: Policy gaps and legal innovations. Indian Journal of Public Policy and Law, 9(1), 23–38.
-
- Deshpande, V., & Rao, A. (2019). Wealth and transparency in Indian temples: An analysis of Tirumala and Shirdi. Journal of Religious Economics and Management, 5(3), 27–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-019-00027-5
- Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070
- Ebrahim, A. (2003). Accountability in practice: Mechanisms for NGOs. World Development, 31(5), 813–829. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00014-7
- Iyer, L., & Krishnan, S. (2023). Ethical management of donations in religious organizations: Perspectives from South India. Journal of Nonprofit Management, 7(2), 101–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/20408033231113823
- Kumar, P., & Shukla, M. (2023). Audit mechanisms and public trust in religious institutions: A quantitative study of North Indian temple trusts. Journal of Social Accountability, 3(2), 56–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.josa.2023.02.002
- Menon, R., & Rathi, P. (2024). Digital financial management in Indian temples: Opportunities and barriers. Journal of Techno-Spiritual Studies, 4(1), 44–59.
-
- Mookerjee, S., & Sahoo, R. (2022). Dual institutional roles of temples: Between charity and enterprise. Indian Journal of Development Administration, 61(1), 78–94.
-
- Pati, P., & Agrawal, P. (2020). Temple tourism and regional development in India: Governance and planning. Tourism Planning and Development, 17(3), 345–362.
-
- Pillai, K., & Saxena, A. (2023). Public-private dichotomy in temple governance: A legal-institutional analysis. Journal of Indian Legal Studies, 10(1), 11–30.
-
- Sharma, D., & Bhargava, M. (2022). Accountability structures in temple trusts: A study of governance practices in Rajasthan. Journal of Social and Administrative Ethics, 14(4), 215–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2022.984562
- Shinde, K. A. (2018). Temples, tourism and the state: The pilgrimage economy of Nashik, India. Geoforum, 93, 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.04.002
- Sinha, V. (2021). Scandals in sacred spaces: Media framing of temple corruption cases in India. Journal of Media and Religion, 20(2), 55–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348423.2021.1914087
- Sundar, R. (2023). Temple trust reforms and judicial activism: The case for a national regulatory framework. Indian Journal of Legal and Policy Research, 5(2), 99–117.
-
- Varghese, T. (2021). Governing the sacred: Challenges of regulating Hindu temple trusts in India. Asian Journal of Public Affairs, 13(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3901125
- Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3.