Ancient Indian economic thought, rooted in texts such as the Arthashastra, Manusmriti, and the Vedas, presents a holistic framework for resource management, ethics, and social welfare. These philosophies emphasize the balance of Dharma (righteousness), Artha (economy), and Kama (desire), advocating wealth creation through ethical means while ensuring ecological and social responsibility. Concepts such as trusteeship (lokasangraha), equitable wealth distribution, and the restrained use of natural resources reflect an early understanding of sustainability and collective well-being. As India advances toward the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047—a fully developed, inclusive, and self-reliant nation—the revival of these ancient principles becomes increasingly relevant. Contemporary challenges such as environmental degradation, inequality, and consumerism can be addressed through values of frugality, conservation, and community-centric governance. For instance, the village self-sufficiency model of ancient India parallels present-day initiatives on decentralized development and local economies under programs like Atmanirbhar Bharat and Smart Villages. Integrating this ancient wisdom with modern policy frameworks can provide a culturally rooted pathway to sustainable development. By embedding ethics in economic transactions, prioritizing human and ecological well-being over profit, and ensuring inclusive growth, India can simultaneously align with global sustainability goals and uphold its civilizational ethos. As the nation marches toward 2047, drawing upon this intellectual heritage can inspire innovative, sustainable, and context-sensitive models of development that harmonize prosperity with social and ecological stewardship.