The House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) has long been known to be one of the most common bird species that are closely related to human habitation. However, in recent decades there have been several studies and observations that have recorded a significant fall in its population especially in those urban areas of India. The tendency has created ecological issues and garnered attention of researchers, environmentalists and conservation organisations. The current study aims to examine urban population dynamics of House Sparrows in India using the available secondary data sources which are scientific publications, avian monitoring databases and environmental reports. The paper highlights the determination of the time-based trends of population change and appraises the key variables that form the basis of the downturn. The environmental and manmade factors, such as the rapid urbanisation, the disappearance of traditional nesting sites, changes in the building architectures, reduced food supply, increased levels of pollution, and other urban environmental changes are discussed in connection with the changes in the sparrow population. Secondary data has been analyzed and it has been found that there has been a steady reduction in the population of House Sparrows in various Indian metropolises over the last few decades. The results emphasize the importance of paying more attention to the issue of urban biodiversity conservation and support the solution of such measures as the supply of nest boxes, green areas protection, and the extension of awareness programmes. Better comprehension of the population dynamics of House Sparrows will be used in developing the effective strategies to protect the now important urban bird and to establish a balance in the ecology of fast emerging urban environments.