The unorganized sector in India employs a significant share of the female workforce, yet their contributions remain largely invisible in national statistics and policy frameworks. This study explores the socio-economic conditions of women workers in India’s unorganized sector, focusing on employment patterns, income disparities, working conditions, and social security access. Using a mixed-method approach that integrates field survey data with secondary sources, the research investigates how gender-based labor segmentation, wage inequality, and lack of institutional support affect women’s economic well-being. Findings indicate that women in informal employment face multidimensional vulnerabilities, including unstable income, long working hours, occupational insecurity, and limited decision-making autonomy. The study underscores that the intersection of gender, caste, and class perpetuates these inequalities, with female workers concentrated in low-skilled, low-paying, and precarious jobs. Policy recommendations include promoting gender-responsive labor regulations, social protection measures, and access to financial literacy and microcredit. By highlighting the economic realities of women in the unorganized sector, this study contributes to a more inclusive understanding of labor and gender dynamics in India’s evolving economy.