The regulation of intermediary liability occupies a critical position at the intersection of digital governance, freedom of expression, and international human rights law. As online platforms increasingly mediate public discourse, economic activity, and civic engagement, the legal obligations imposed upon intermediaries have profound implications for democratic participation and access to information. This section examines international human rights standards governing intermediary liability, with particular emphasis on expression rights articulated in global treaties, resolutions and reports of United Nations bodies, UNESCO’s normative guidance, and transnational principles governing digital content and electronic contracts. It further analyses the Manila Principles on Intermediary Liability as a consolidated soft-law framework reflecting global consensus on proportional, rights-respecting intermediary regulation. The study highlights how excessive or vague liability regimes risk producing collateral censorship and chilling effects on lawful speech, while underscoring the need for legal certainty, due process, and judicial oversight. By situating intermediary liability within international human rights jurisprudence, this section provides a normative benchmark against which domestic regulatory frameworks may be assessed and reformed.