The pollution of the Jojari River in Rajasthan has become a pressing environmental and public health issue, primarily due to continuous discharge of untreated industrial effluents from textile and chemical units of Jodhpur, along with domestic sewage. This contamination has severely deteriorated water quality, posing risks for communities dependent on the river for daily use. Dermatological complications such as rashes, eczema, skin infections, and persistent itching are commonly observed among residents who come into direct contact with polluted water. In addition, respiratory disorders including chronic cough, asthma, wheezing, and bronchial irritation are increasingly reported, particularly among children and the elderly, owing to constant exposure to airborne toxins and foul odors released by industrial waste. Equally concerning are the reproductive health effects linked to long-term exposure to heavy metals and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Documented problems include menstrual irregularities, reduced fertility, miscarriages, and congenital defects, which are associated with bio-accumulation of hazardous substances through contaminated water and food. These outcomes reflect not only poor waste management and weak regulatory enforcement but also highlight a critical gap in health monitoring and policy implementation. Addressing these challenges requires urgent interventions such as effective wastewater treatment, strict monitoring of industrial discharge, community-level health awareness, and regular medical surveillance. Integrated approaches are essential to mitigate health deterioration, restore ecological balance, and safeguard the well-being of affected populations.