This paper explores the unique matrilineal structure of the Khasi tribe in Meghalaya, India. While often celebrated as one of the few matrilineal societies in the world, Khasi society is frequently misunderstood as matriarchal. Through a descriptive analysis of family structure, gender roles, inheritance systems, religion, and social changes, this paper clarifies the distinction between matriliny and matriarchy. It draws from existing literature and cultural observations to understand the role of Khasi women and how tradition is being redefined in the face of modern pressures. The aim is to present an expanded narrative that accounts for contemporary transitions and the tension between traditional systems and modern influences.