Urbanization, a global phenomenon, presents a complex interplay between human development and environmental sustainability. This research investigates the transformative LULC patterns in Ajmer City from 1991 to 2021, addressing the overarching research problem of understanding the dynamics of urbanization and how it has impacted our environment. The present research addresses how the LULC patterns have evolved over the period from 1991 to 2021 and the ensuing implications for environmental sustainability. The investigation aims to uncover the shifts in key land categories—Agricultural Land, Barren Land, Built-Up Areas, Vegetation, and Water Bodies—seeking to identify the overarching challenges and opportunities posed by the city's urbanization trends. The research adopts a comprehensive methodology entailing the scrutiny of LULC maps spanning the years 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021. These maps intricately delineate the proportional distribution of diverse land types, unravelling the dynamic composition of Ajmer's terrain over time. Within this methodology, precise quantitative metrics are employed to calculate the percentage area occupied by each LULC category. This meticulous approach facilitates a systematic comparison across the four temporal junctures. Furthermore, the research integrates a change detection analysis, quantifying the nuanced shifts within each category throughout the thirty-year timeframe. The degree of accuracy, a critical facet in this study, gauges the proximity of the results to the true values and stands as a pivotal metric for assessing the reliability of information derived from remotely sensed data. To ascertain accuracy, the visual interpretation of images is undertaken, a process meticulously validated through the collection of ground truth data during on-site fieldwork. The study reveals substantial shifts in Ajmer's Land Use Land Cover (LULC) patterns. Agricultural Land decreased from 44.67% in 1991 to 27.06% in 2021, marking a significant relative decrease of 17.61%. Built-Up Areas expanded from 26.55% in 1991 to 60.05% in 2021, reflecting a notable relative increase of 33.50%. Barren Land and Vegetation witnessed noteworthy decreases, while Water Bodies experienced moderate changes, highlighting a clear trend towards increased urbanization. This research provides crucial insights into Ajmer's urban dynamics, emphasizing the pivotal role of geography in crafting informed strategies for sustainable development, urging policymakers to adopt resilient approaches that balance urban expansion with environmental well-being. The city has witnessed transformative urban development projects, propelled by national initiatives like the development of Smart Cities, , Augmentation Yojana Scheme ,Development of Heritage Cities, and, enhancing its historical, religious, educational, administrative, and tourism significance.

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Keywords: LULC, Urban Expansion, Environmental Sustainability, Smart City Mission.