Rajasthan is the largest State in India in terms of geographical area, occupying more than 10 percentage of the land area and contributing more than 5.5 percentage of the country's population. Further, more than two-thirds of the Thar Desert situated in the State which is making hurdles in development of the state. Due to the result of desertification, there is increasing trend in arid and semi-arid area of state, halting progress of the area. Due to desertification, rainfall and other climate conditions, occurrence of famine is common in recent years. The surface water availability is only 1.16 percentage of the entire country. More than half of groundwater sources are affected by salinity, fluoride and nitrate contamination and other chemical disorders prohibiting the existing water for being use in drinking. The major sources of surface-water are Indira Gandhi Canal, Narmada Canal, Bisalpur Dam, Chambal River, and Mahi Dam.

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Keywords: Thar Desert, Semi-Arid Area of State, Surface Water Availability, Chemical Disorders.