GREEN BONDS - THE WAY TO A GREENER INDIA: A CRITICAL REVIEW

India is one of the nations that is significantly impacted by severe climate conditions. Lately, the nation has been experiencing severe weather conditions, whether it be during the summer or winter seasons. With a population of roughly 1.4 billion, India's status as one of the most populous countries in the world means that the carbon intensity of its economy directly affects global emissions and, consequently, climate change.  India ranked as the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases (GHG) in 2021, with a total of almost 3.9 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent. India's per capita greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were comparatively low, standing at 2.8 CO2-equivalent tons, in contrast to the global average of 6.9 and the United States' figure of 17.5. India is one of the 195 countries that have ratified the Paris Agreement on climate change. India made a commitment at the 27th United Nations conference of Parties (COP 27) in 2022 to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions produced per unit of economic output by 45% compared to 2005. Additionally, India aims to increase the proportion of energy generated from non-fossil fuel sources to 50% of the total capacity. India requires substantial financial resources to fund these and other obligations. Financing green projects can be challenging due to their capital-intensive nature and long duration. Green bonds or climate bonds, is the issuance of bonds specifically allocated for sustainable initiatives. In India, green bonds have assisted organizations in bridging the funding shortfall in the conventional domestic capital markets, which arises from the inherent risks linked to projects and industries such as renewable energy that are still in their early phases of development. This article carries out the SWOC analysis ofgreen bonds market and aims to identify strategies to overcome the lack of momentum in green bond investments in India.

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Keywords: Climate Bonds, Green Finance, Sustainability, Environment Bonds.


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