EFFICACY OF BIOLOGICAL ANTAGONISTS AND PHYTO EXTRACTS AGAINST FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM IN OKRA SEEDS

In present study, selected seed samples of okra (Abelmoschusesculentus L. Monech) carrying 35-45 % natural infection of Fusariumoxysporum were used for the treatment. Pure suspension culture of antagonists Trichodermaharzianum and Gliocladiumvirens were tried as seed treatments against the pathogen. T.harzianumwas highly antagonistic to F. oxysporumand showed significant percent disease control (75% and 63%) in asymptomatic and symptomatic treated seeds respectively. T.harzianumand G. virens enhanced seed germination in treated asymptomatic (85%, 70%) and symptomatic (65%, 55%) seeds as compared to their control (60%, 42%). Leaf extracts of 11 plants viz. Azadirachtaindica, Catharanthusroseus, Calotropisprocera, Cassia tora, Daturainnoxia, Eucalyptus rudis, Lantana camera, Lawsoniarosea, Neriumindicum, Ocimum sanctum, and Ricinuscommunis were used for the control of seed–borne infection of F.oxysporum. Among the leaf extracts used, Eucalyptus rudis (pure,100% conc.) and Azadirachtaindica (30% dil.) were found most efficacious and showed maximum percent control of pathogen incidence and seedling infection (81.81% , 80%) & (81.81%, 75%) respectively.  Treatments with Eucalyptus rudis and Lawsoniarosea enhanced significant seed germination (90%, 78.33%) with respect to their control (50%). Pure extracts of rhizome/ bulb of ginger, turmeric, onion and garlic were more effective to promote seed germination than 30% dilution. However, the extract (both pure and diluted) of turmeric was found significantly superior over all other extracts in promoting seed germination and percent control of pathogen incidence. Application of bio-agents and plant extracts against seed-borne diseases are cost effective and eco-friendly alternative.

 

Keywords: Plant Leaf /Rhizome /Bulb Extracts, Trichodermaharzianum, Gliocladiumvirens, Fusariumoxysporum and Okra.


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