Thane's population has risen dramatically in the recent two decades, from 0.8 million in 1991 to 1.26 million today. The TMTU (Thane Municipal Transport Undertaking) buses are Thane's only source of intra-city public transportation. The TMTU began operations with a small fleet of 28 buses, which has since grown to 264. However, in comparison to population increase, public transportation has grown slowly. According to the guideline of 300 buses per million inhabitants, the TMTU should have more than 380 buses on the road. The TMTU's inability to provide enough public transportation has resulted in a rapid increase in privately owned vehicles. To address the current scenario, significant investments in public transportation operations are required. Furthermore, for the previous few years, the TMTU has constantly suffered significant losses. Since its beginning, overall expenditure has climbed by nearly 27 times, while revenue has increased by 24 times.

KEYWORDS: TMTU, Intra-City Public Transportation, Revenue, Capital Grants.