When increasing the fuel price, increasing on the addition of on road vehicles, very fast depleting petroleum resources and continuing accumulation greenhouse gases are the main reasons for the development of alternative fuels. Many alternative sources of blend fuels are identified and tested successfully in the existing engine with and without engine modification. However, so the research is still continuing in this field to find the best alternative fuel for the existing diesel fuel. It is feasible to use alternative sources of fuel in diesel engine partially which is proved by various researchers. The all systems are developed diesel engine is made for diesel and its all systems are developed for diesel fuel only. Also its parameters are optimized for diesel engine. If we use blend of diesel and other supplementary fuel, then it will not give satisfactory performance as per our requirement. So, it is required to optimize parameter for blended fuel. We use Karanja oil as a biofuel & used to find out effect on performance of engine. Karanja curcas as a non-edible methyl ester biodiesel fuel source is utilized to run single cylinder, variable compression ratio, and four-stroke diesel engine. Combustion characteristics as same as engine performance are measured for various biodiesel – diesel mixes. The properties of fuel biodiesel for example kinematic viscosity, calorific value, flash point, carbon deposit and specific gravity were found. The performance and emission characteristics are additionally influenced by different working parameters like compression ratio, injection pressure and injection timing. Our research deals with effects on engine fueled with diesel, mix of diesel with biodiesel and simply on biodiesel with a view to give a stage to correlation of the parameter on different fuels. Impact on Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, Brake Thermal Efficiency, Smoke haziness, NOx and CO outflows and Exhaust Temperature have been studied and exhibited. The results of trial examination with biodiesel mixes were compared with that of standard diesel.

The main parameter used in this experimental work is achieved by varying engine load with change in inlet air pressure with the help of air compressor. The experiments were carried out with 100% diesel and 100% Karanja biofuel & 50% blend Karanja bio oil with diesel. The measuring parameters are in two categories, performance and emission. In performance parameters BTHE, ITHE, mechanical efficiency, SFC, FC and in emission parameters CO, HC, CO2 and NOX are being found out and analyzed. Optimum specific fuel consumption was obtained for D0B100 when engine run at supercharged condition compared to diesel, which is nearest to the diesel fuel. The Brake thermal efficiency of D0B100 Karanja biodiesel blend is more among all other blends at all loads which is slightly greater than the diesel fuel. The mechanical efficiency of all blends are less than diesel fuel. It is concluded that the D50B50 blend have highest mechanical efficiency at engine supercharging condition is 41.43 % at low injection pressure at higher load than all among blends as well as diesel. With supercharging condition Karanja biodiesel & its blend with diesel have considerable lesser Emission of HC, CO, CO2, NOX as compared to diesel.

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Keywords: Karanja, Biofuel, Thermal Efficiency, BTHE, ITHE, SFC.